The British government on Thursday published draft legislation that would criminalize abusive practices intended to change or suppress a person's sexual orientation or gender identity in England and Wales.
The proposed Conversion Practices Bill represents a major step toward fulfilling commitments first made in 2021 to prohibit so-called conversion therapies.
Criminal Penalties Proposed
Under the draft legislation, individuals found guilty of carrying out conversion practices could face:
- Unlimited fines.
- Prison sentences of up to five years.
- Criminal prosecution for abusive or coercive conduct.
The bill would also make it illegal to encourage, arrange, or assist conversion practices that take place outside England and Wales.
Additional Civil Protections
The government said the legislation would introduce civil protections similar to those used in cases involving forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
These measures are designed to help protect people who may be at risk of coercion, abuse, or pressure related to their sexual orientation or gender identity.
Courts could potentially issue protective orders to prevent harmful practices before they occur.
Healthcare Exemptions Included
The draft legislation includes exemptions for legitimate healthcare, counseling, and therapeutic services.
According to the government, therapists, counselors, healthcare professionals, and families would still be able to have open and supportive discussions regarding sexuality, gender identity, and personal experiences.
The proposed exemptions aim to distinguish between abusive practices intended to change or suppress identity and professional care or exploratory conversations conducted with consent.
Long-Running Policy Debate
The United Kingdom first pledged to ban conversion practices in 2021, with additional commitments made in 2023.
The issue has generated significant public and political debate regarding:
- Protection from coercive or abusive practices.
- Religious freedom and pastoral support.
- Clinical care and counseling standards.
- Safeguards for children and vulnerable individuals.
- The definition of conversion practices.
The government says the draft legislation seeks to balance protections against harmful conduct while preserving legitimate healthcare, counseling, and personal conversations.
Next Steps
The bill will now undergo pre-legislative scrutiny, allowing lawmakers, experts, advocacy groups, healthcare professionals, and the public to review and provide feedback on the proposals.
Following that process, the legislation is expected to be introduced in Parliament for debate and potential amendment before any final law is enacted.
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